The prevalence of congenital birth defects (birth defects of the heart) growing at a rapid pace across the globe. Rising concerns regarding birth defects of the heart among the population make it an important topic to discuss. This article provides the relevant information you must know about the ‘Atrial Septal Defect’.
What is Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)?
It is a common type of congenital cardiac disease that causes a hole between two upper chambers of the heart in the interatrial septum that separates the atria of the heart. This hole in the atrial septum of the heart is known as an atrial septal defect.
Types of ASDs:
There are mainly four types:
- Ostium Secundum: This is a common type of ASD located in the center of the atrial septum that is caused if a part of the atrial septum fails to close completely during the development of the heart.
- Ostium Primum: This is located near the lower portion of the atrial septum, associated with defects in the mitral valve.
- Sinus Venosus: This is located near the top of the atrial septum, which occurs at the superior vena cava and right atrium junction in the area where the right pulmonary veins enter the heart.
- Coronary Sinus: This is a rare type of ASD, which is located within the wall of the coronary sinus.
How Does it Develop?
The heart starts out as a single tube that develops in the fourth and fifth weeks of pregnancy. If those tube bends or curve, then the two tubes lie side by side and create a wall. This will usually close during pregnancy or shortly after birth. But if this wall fails to grow completely then a hole remains there.
Symptoms:
Every child may experience different symptoms. In adults, it usually begins by the age of 30. It may include:
- Tiredness
- Swelling of legs, feet, and abdomen
- Shortness of breath while playing or exercising
- Skipped beats
- Heart murmur (an extra noise that can be heard through a stethoscope)
- Sweating
Causes of ASDs:
- Hereditary Syndromes: It may be inherited from close family members or both parents.
- Genetic Disorder: If any one of the parents has a congenital heart defect.
- Smoking: Mothers who smoke during pregnancy.
- Unhealthy Eating Habits: If a mother does not follow a proper diet during pregnancy.
Why ASDs in Children a Concern?
Our heart has four chambers: two receiving chambers and two pumping chambers. Receiving chambers are known as the right and left atria, and the two pumping chambers are known as the left ventricles. Normally, the septum is the wall that divides the left and right atria. Few amounts of blood that should flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle now flow into the right atrium through the ASD.
As a result, more amount of blood that should out to the body goes to the right side of the heart and then back to the lungs, which leads to eventually raising the blood pressure in the lungs. This hole in the heart can vary in size after several decades.
How it can be Diagnosed?
It can be diagnosed clinically by hearing a murmur sound, X-ray, ECG, and echocardiogram. An echocardiogram is the most commonly used test as it shows entire movements happening in the heart.
Global Market Size and Valuation:
The global atrial septal defect market size was USD 5,066.8 Mn in 2020 and is likely to reach USD 8,421.9 Mn by 2030, at a CAGR of 5.9% during 2021–2030. This growth is attributed to the rising prevalence of several heart diseases at a rapid pace.
Some of the major key players competing in the market are Asklepion Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Actelion Ltd, Novo Nordisk A/S, Abbott Laboratories, INO Therapeutics, St. Jude Medical, Occlutech, W. L. Gore & Associates, Boston Scientific Corp, SentreHEART, Coherex Medical, Starway, LifeTech, Lepu Medical Technology, MicroPort, Beijing Balance Medical Technology, Mallow medical, Visee Medical Devices, and Ya Tai Science & Technology.
Get a Free Sample Report @ https://growthmarketreports.com/request-sample/955
Conclusion:
Cardiac problems are common in children. Sometimes it does not diagnose before time. So, early diagnosis and proper treatment are very important in such cases.
According to the “Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,” every year, around 2,000 babies in the US are born with ASDs. This is between 5-10% of all common congenital heart defects. The chances of ASDs are twice in women than in men.